Internal mold release compositions

ABSTRACT

Active hydrogen-containing compositions having internal mold release components are used in a process in preparing molded polymeric products. In the process, the active hydrogen-containing composition contains (a) a primary or secondary amine, (b) a carboxylic acid or amido carboxylic acid salt of a group II metal or of aluminum, lithium, copper, iron, cobalt or nickel, and optionally (c) a carboxylic acid or amido carboxylic acid.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 466,826 filedFeb. 16, 1983 (now abandoned), and a continuation-in-part of applicationSer. No. 570,141, filed Jan. 12, 1984 (now U.S. Pat. No. 4,876,019),both incorporated herein by reference. It is related to application Ser.Nos. 749,710, 749,849 and 749,850, all filed Jun. 18, 1985 andincorporated herein by reference (all now abandoned).

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention pertains to internal mold release compositions, topolyol compositions containing same and processes for preparingpolymeric products.

Polyether polyurethane moldings are being increasingly used in themanufacture of automobiles, furniture and in home construction. Moldedpolyether polyurethanes are especially important because they arelightweight and are resistant to moisture, weather, temperatureextremes, and aging. As an illustration, molded polyether polyurethaneelastomers have become of special interest in the manufacture offorce-reducing impact media such as safety impact bumpers for automotivevehicles and impact resistant automotive fascia.

The high demand for molded polyether polyurethane articles requires thatthey be produced in the largest numbers in the shortest possible time.Polyurethane-forming mixtures are eminently suited for mass productionbecause the reactants are liquid, that is they are pumpable, and arequick-reacting. The problem has existed, however, in providing adequatemold release in the shortest possible time to take fullest advantage ofthe unique capabilities of the polyurethane systems.

Heretofore, release of molded articles from molds in which they havebeen formed has been achieved by coating the surface of the mold cavitywith an agent which facilitates release of the molded article from thewalls of the mold cavity. Procedures such as this are described in U.S.Pat. Nos. 3,694,530: 3,640,769: 3,624,190: 3,607,397 and 3,413,390. Thismethod has certain disadvantages. The agent, after molding, adheres tothe surface of the molded article thereby removing such from the surfaceof the mold. As the mold release agent is removed from the mold surface,it must therefore be replaced so as to provide continued release of themolded articles from the mold. The necessity for repeated additions ofmold release agent results in higher costs due to low productivity as aresult of the additional time incurred in applying such additionalquantities of mold release agents to the mold surfaces.

In addition, mold build-up may become a problem, since a fine film ofurethane is left in spot areas of the mold surface. This build-up on thesurface of the mold cavity walls eventually covers and obscures anydetail on the mold cavity surface desired to be imparted to the moldedarticle. Also, the presence of the release agent adhering to the surfaceof the molded article can impede subsequent operations on the article,such as painting or adhering operations.

Additionally, the need to reapply the release agent after each moldingor a limited number of moldings interrupts the molding operation andslows down output.

The use of internal mold release agents for use in molding polyurethanearticles has been disclosed by Boden et al. in U.S. Pat. No. 3,726,952,Godlewski in U.S. Pat. 4,024,088, Bonin et al. in U.S. Pat. No.4,098,731, Sparrow et al. in U.S. Pat. No. 4,130,698, Godlewski in U.S.Pat. No. 4,111,861, Kleimann et al. in U.S. Pat. No. 4,201,847 andGodlewski in U.S. Pat. No. 4,220,727.

Some of these internal mold release agents bleed or creep to the surfaceof the molded article. Some of these articles cannot be painted evenafter appropriate preparation steps for painting has been done. Othersare incompatible with polyether polyols. Most of them seriously reducethe activity of the catalyst. Almost all show degradation of physicalproperties such as reduced elongation.

The use of the "salts" described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,726,952 have notbeen effective release agents for reaction injection molding (RIM).While showing release characteristics per se their use has demonstratedin a screening program wherein hand mixed formulations are cast into anopen mold other serious problems, namely: (1) degradation of the tincatalyst employed in the formulation, (2) excessively long gel and curetime, and (3) poor physical properties. These problems are believed tobe caused by the presence of free carboxylic acid. It is released fromthe salt by the reaction of the amine with the isocyanate, and it isbelieved that the presence of these free carboxylic acids, or any acid,interferes with the cure rate of the hydroxyl-isocyanate reaction toform a urethane structure as disclosed in J. Polymer Science, PolymerChemistry Edition, Vol. 19, 381-388 (1981) John Wiley & Son, Inc.

The reactivity or catalyst kill problem can be overcome to a certaindegree by using tertiary amines in place of primary or secondary amines.Both U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,726,952 and 4,098,731 describe this technique.Since isocyanates cannot react with tertiary amines the salt cannot besplit: it thus remains neutral (the carboxylic acid is not free), hence,catalyst kill does not seem evident. The use of tertiary amines,however, often shows bleed out or exudation problems which in turnresult in poor paint adhesion. Further, retention of physical propertiesis seldom possible because of either excess reactivity when using verycatalytically active amines, or because of plasticizer effects broughtabout by excessively long tertiary amine molecules.

The technology of U.S. Pat. No. 4,111,861 states that polar metalcompounds can be employed to overcome catalyst kill problems brought onby the presence of fatty carboxylic acids. It states that metal ionsmust be present in an amount sufficient to neutralize the acid.Reference is made to the use of the Bi, Pb, Na, Li, and K ion, withsodium carbonate, sodium oleate, and potassium laurate beingexemplified. They also show sodium oleate alone to be an effectiverelease agent. When evaluated in RIM polyol systems as a singleadditive, it failed to show adequate release characteristics in ascreening program wherein hand mixed formulations were cast into an openmold.

Zinc stearate has long been known to be an effective release agent formost thermoplastics. It is also used in polyester sheet moldingcompounds. When evaluated in RIM polyol systems containing only hydroxylgroups as the active hydrogen-containing source, zinc stearate as asingle additive failed to show adequate release characteristics in ascreening program wherein hand mixed formulations were cast into an openmold. Zinc stearate was observed to dissolve in a mixture of oleoylsarcosine and excess polyoxypropylene diamine of 400 MW and theresultant mixture performed as an effective mold release agent.

The present invention provides for an improvement in one or more of thefollowing: (1) increased multiple release, (2) increased ease ofrelease, (3) effective and very stable catalyst reactivity, and (4)minimally altered physical properties in molded parts.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

One aspect of the present invention pertains to a process comprisingreacting a polyisocyanate in a closed mold with an activehydrogen-containing composition comprising

(A) a material having an average of at least about 2 activehydrogen-containing groups per molecule and a weight from about 500 toabout 5000 per active hydrogen-containing group, said composition havingdissolved therein

(B) from about 0.5 to about 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weightof component (A) of a metal salt of an organic material containing atleast one carboxylic acid group and a saturated or unsaturated aliphatichydrocarbon chain having at least about 7 carbon atoms or a siloxanechain wherein said metal is selected from Groups I-B, II-B, III-A, IV-B,V-B, VI-B, VII-B or VIII-B of the Periodic Table of the Elements, Sn,Pb, Sb or Bi;

said composition containing a sufficient quantity of at least onealiphatic primary and/or secondary amine-containing materials such thatcomponent (B) is soluble in said composition, wherein

said composition containing or being devoid of an organic materialcontaining at least one carboxylic acid group, phosphorus-containingacid group or boron-containing acid group or mixture of such materialswherein said organic material contains a siloxane chain or contains atleast one terminal or pendant saturated or unsaturated aliphatichydrocarbon chain containing at least about 7 carbon atoms.

The aliphatic primary and/or secondary amine-containing materials can becomponent (A), and/or may be separate component.

In another aspect, this invention is a process comprising reacting apolyisocyanate in a closed mold with an active hydrogen-containingcomposition comprising

(A) a material having an average of at least about 2 activehydrogen-containing groups per molecule and a weight per activehydrogen-containing group from about 500 to about 5000, said compositionhaving dissolved therein

(B) from about 0.5 to about 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weightcomponent (A) of a metal salt of an organic material containing at leastone carboxylic acid group and a saturated or unsaturated aliphatichydrocarbon chain having at least about 7 carbon atoms or a siloxanechain wherein said metal is selected from Groups I-B, 11-B, III-A, IV-B,V-B, VI-B, VII-B or VIIl-B of the Periodic Table of the Elements, Sn,Pb, Sb or Bi;

said composition containing a sufficient quantity of at least oneprimary and/or secondary amine-containing material such that component(B) is soluble in said composition, wherein

said composition containing or being devoid of an organic materialcontaining at least one carboxylic acid group, phosphorus-containingacid group or boron-containing acid group or mixture of such materialswherein said organic material contains a siloxane chain or contains atleast one terminal or pendant saturated or unsaturated aliphatichydrocarbon chain containing at least about 7 carbon atoms.

The primary and/or secondary amine-containing materials can be component(A), and/or may be a separate component.

In another aspect, this invention is a process comprising reacting apolyisocyanate in a closed mold with an active hydrogen-containingcomposition comprising

(I) a polyether polyol terminated in primary or secondary hydroxylgroups and having a hydroxyl equivalent weight of from about 100 toabout 2500: and

(II) an internal mold release composition which comprises

(A) a metal salt of a carboxylic acid having a terminal or pendantsaturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chain having at leastseven carbon atoms attached to a carbonyl group and from about 10 to 29carbon atoms per molecule, wherein said metal is a member of Group II-Bof the Periodic Table of Elements, aluminum, copper, iron, cobalt ornickel:

(B) a material containing at least one aliphatic primary amine groupand/or at least one aliphatic secondary amine group per molecule or amixture of such materials: and

(C) a monocarboxylic acid having from about 10 to about 29 carbon atomsper molecule:

and wherein the components are employed in quantities such that

(i) the weight ratio of components (II-C):(II-A) is from about 0.3:1 toabout 3 1: and

(ii) components (II-C) and (11-B) are employed in quantities whichprovide from about 0.04 to about 2 equivalents of component (II-C) peramine nitrogen equivalent of component (II-B):

(iii) and the composition contains from about 0.5 to about 20 parts ofcomponent (II-A) per 100 parts by weight component (I).

In yet another aspect, this invention is a process comprising reactingin a closed mold a polyisocyanate with a composition comprising (A) apolymer or copolymer of propylene oxide having an average of at least 2active hydrogen-containing groups per molecule and an equivalent weightper active hydrogen-containing group of about 500 to about 5000,

(B) from about 0.5 to about 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weightof component (A) percent of said composition of a zinc salt of a C₁₀ toC₂₀ carboxylic acid, and

(C) from about 5 to about 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight ofcomponent (A) of an aromatic diamine

said composition being devoid of an organic material containing at leastone carboxylic acid group, phosphorus-containing acid group orboron-containing acid group or mixture of such materials wherein saidorganic material contains a siloxane chain or contains at least oneterminal or pendant saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chaincontaining at least about 7 carbon atoms.

The term polymer as employed herein means those polymers containingurethane and/or urea groups.

The term effective amount of an internal mold release as employed hereinmeans that quantity which will permit a molded part prepared fromreaction of the active hydrogen-containing composition with acomposition containing a plurality of --NCO and/or --NCS groups to beeasily removed from its mold.

The term total hydrogen equivalent weight as employed herein means themolecular weight divided by the total number of hydrogen atoms in themolecule which are connected to nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur atoms. Theterm "weight per active hydrogen-containing group" means the molecularweight of the molecule referred to divided by the number of groupscontaining isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms.

The term equivalent ratio as it pertains to the ratio of the acid saltor acid component and the amine component means the ratio of the numberof ##STR1## equivalents contained in the acid salt or acid component tothe number of amine nitrogen equivalents contained in the aminecomponent. The amine nitrogen equivalents of a compound is equal to thenumber of primary or secondary nitrogen atoms per molecule of thatcompound.

By the term lipophilic as employed herein it is meant that the materialcontains at least one member of the group consisting of R-CH₃ wherein Ris a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having atleast 6 carbon atoms.

All references to "soluble" or "solubility" refer to solubility at atemperature of about 25° C.

Any reference herein to the Periodic Table of the Elements refers tothat published by Sargent-Welch Scientific Company as catalog numberS-18806, 1968.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Suitable carboxylic acids which can be employed herein as a component inthe internal mold release composition include any saturated orunsaturated aliphatic or cycloaliphatic carboxylic acid or aromaticcarboxylic acid, preferably those carboxylic acids having from about 2to about 30, preferably from about 2 to about 18, carbon atoms.

Also suitable as carboxylic acids are those represented by the formula##STR2## wherein R is a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 12carbon atoms.

Particularly suitable carboxylic acids include, for example, oleic acid,lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, mixtures thereof and the like.

Suitable carboxylic acids include amido-containing carboxylic acids suchas the reaction products of carboxylic acid halides containing fromabout 1 to about 30, preferably from about 2 to about 18, mostpreferably from about 5 to about 18, carbon atoms with an aminocarboxylic acid having from about 2 to about 4, preferably from about 2to about 3, carbon atoms per molecule.

Particularly suitable carboxylic acids include amido-containingcarboxylic acids such as those represented by the general formula##STR3## wherein R is a hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon grouphaving from 1 to about 29, preferably from about 2 to about 17, carbonatoms; R' is hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyl substituted alkyl grouphaving from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms and R" is a divalent hydrocarbongroup having from 1 to about 3, preferably 1, carbon atoms, such as, forexample, oleoyl sarcosine, lauryl sarcosine, capryl sarcosine, oleoylglycine, octanol glycine, oleoyl hydroxyethyl glycine, mixtures thereofand the like. These amido carboxylic acids can be prepared by theSchotten-Baumann acylation reaction wherein an acyl halide is reactedwith an amino acid.

Suitable materials containing at least one carboxylic acid group andcontaining siloxane chains include those described by J. W. Keil in U.S.Pat. No. 4,076,695 which is incorporated herein by reference.

Suitable organic materials containing at least one phosphorus-containingacid group include, for example, monostearyl acid phosphate, detyldihydrogen phosphate, monolauryl phosphate, decyl dihydrogen phosphate,monobutyl monodecyl ester of phosphoric acid, mixtures thereof and thelike.

Suitable organic materials containing at least one boron-containing acidgroup include, for example, dioctadecyl ester of boric acid, monododecylmono(phenylmethyl) ester of boric acid, monododecyl monophenyl ester ofboric acid, monoheptadecyl mono(phenylmethyl) ester of boric acid,monodecyl ester of boric acid, mixtures thereof and the like.

Suitable amines which can be employed herein as a component in theinternal mold release composition include any aliphatic, cycloaliphatic,or aromatic compound containing at least one primary or secondary aminegroup with those compounds having at least two primary and/or secondaryamine groups being especially preferred.

Suitable amine compounds include, for example, oleyl amine, coco amine,talloil amine, ethanolamine, diethyltriamine, ethylenediamine,propanolamine, aniline, mixtures thereof and the like.

Particularly suitable as the amine component in the internal moldrelease composition are these aliphatic amines enumerated later on asbeing low equivalent weight amine-containing active hydrogen-containingmaterials, and aromatic amines of relatively low molecular weight activehydrogen-containing materials also enumerated later on. Examples of suchparticularly suitable amines include the compounds of aminatedpolyoxyalkane glycols, hexamethylene diamine, diethylenetriamine, andhydrocarbyl substituted aromatic amines such as, for example,diethylenetoluenediamine.

Suitable carboxylic acid or amido carboxylic acid salts of metals whichcan be employed herein as a component in the internal mold releasecomposition include those containing the metal ions from group IImetals, lithium, copper, aluminum, iron, cobalt, and nickel. The organicportions of these compounds are suitably saturated or unsaturated havingfrom about 2 to about 30, preferably from about 2 to about 21 carbonatoms. Particularly suitable metal salts of carboxylic acids or amidocarboxylic acids include, for example, zinc stearate, zinc oleate, zincpalmitate, zinc laurate, calcium stearate, calcium oleate, calciumpalmitate, calcium laurate, magnesium stearate, magnesium oleate,magnesium laurate, magnesium palmitate, nickel stearate, nickel oleate,nickel palmitate, nickel laurate, copper stearate, copper oleate, copperlaurate, copper palmitate, zinc stearoyl sarcosinate, zinc oleoylsarcosinate, zinc palmitoyl sarcosinate, zinc lauroyl sarcosinate,calcium stearoyl sarcosinate, calcium oleoyl sarcosinate, calciumpalmitoyl sarcosinate, calcium lauroyl sarcosinate, magnesium stearoylsarcosinate, magnesium oleoyl sarcosinate, magnesium palmitoylsarcosinate, magnesium lauroyl sarcosinate, nickel stearoyl sarcosinate,nickel oleoyl sarcosinate, nickel palmitoyl sarcosinate, nickel lauroylsarcosinate, copper stearoyl sarcosinate, copper oleoyl sarcosinate,copper palmitoyl sarcosinate, copper lauroyl sarcosinate or mixturesthereof and the like. Of particular interest are those represented bythe formula: ##STR4## wherein M represents the metal, R represents anorganic group containing a terminal or pendant saturated or unsaturatedaliphatic hydrocarbon chain containing at least about 7 carbon atoms,and n is equal to the valance of the metal.

Suitable carboxylic acid salts containing siloxane chains herein includethe Group II, aluminum, lithium, copper, iron, cobalt or nickel salts ofthe acids described in the aforementioned U.S. Pat. No. 4,076,695.

The partially or totally reacted, complexed or associated acid or amidoacids with the metals of Group II of the Periodic Table of the elements,aluminum, lithium, copper, iron, cobalt or nickel can be prepared byreacting such acids or amido acids with the appropriate quantity of acompound containing the metal such as a hydroxide or if the metal isabove hydrogen in the electromotive series, it can be reacted directlywith the acid or acid amide.

Also, mixtures of the acids and metal salts of the acids which areavailable commercially can be employed when partially reacted, complexedor associated materials are desired. Likewise commercially availablemetal salts of the acids or amido acids can be employed when the totallyreacted, complexed or associated materials are desired.

The metal salt advantageously is present in an amount from about 0.1,preferably about 0.25, more preferably about 0.5 and most preferablyabout 1.0 part by weight, up to about 20, preferably up to about 10,more preferably up to about 6, most preferably up to about 4 parts byweight per 100 parts of the material referred to as component (A) in theclaims.

For purposes of the present invention, the total hydrogen equivalentweight is determined by dividing the molecular weight by all of thehydrogen atoms contained in any material derived from --OH, --NH and NHand --SH groups, regardless of whether or not the group reacts with anNCO or NCS group when preparing molded articles.

In some instances the quality of the metal salt of a carboxylic acid ormetal salt of an amido-containing carboxylic acid may affect theperformance of the internal mold release composition. This is believedto be particularly true with the use of zinc stearate in urethanereaction injection molding systems.

Suitable materials which can be employed herein as relatively highequivalent weight hydroxyl-, primary amine- or secondaryamine-containing materials include, for example, those hydroxyl and/oramine materials having an average hydrogen functionality of from 2 toabout 8, preferably from 2 to 4 and a weight of from about 500 to about5000, preferably from about 1000 to about 3000, per activehydrogen-containing group.

Suitable relatively high equivalent weight hydroxyl-containing polyolswhich can be employed herein include, for example, those polyether andpolyester polyols which have an average hydroxyl functionality of fromabout 2 to about 8, preferably from about 2 to about 4 and mostpreferably from about 2 to about 3 and an average hydroxyl equivalentweight of from about 500 to about 5000, preferably from about 1000 toabout 3000 and most preferably from about 1500 to about 2500, includingmixtures thereof.

Suitable relatively high equivalent weight polyether polyols which canbe employed herein include those which are prepared by reacting analkylene oxide, halogen substituted or aromatic substituted alkyleneoxides or mixtures thereof with an active hydrogen-containing initiatorcompound.

Suitable such oxides include, for example, tetrahydrofuran, ethyleneoxide, propylene oxide, 1,2-butylene oxide, 2,3-butylene oxide, styreneoxide, epichlorohydrin, epibromohydrin, mixtures thereof and the like.

Suitable initiator compounds include water, ethylene glycol, propyleneglycol, butanediol, hexanediol, glycerine, trimethylol propane,pentaerythritol, hexanetriol, sorbitol, sucrose, hydroquinone,resorcinol, catechol, bisphenols, novolac resins, phosphoric acid,mixtures thereof and the like.

Also suitable as initiators for the relatively high equivalent weightpolyols include, for example, ammonia, ethylenediamine, diaminopropanes,diaminobutanes, diaminopentanes, diaminohexanes, diethylenetriamine,triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine,ethanolamine, aminoethylethanolamine, aniline, 2,4-toluenediamine,2,6-toluenediamine, diaminodiphenyloxide (oxydianiline),2,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane,1,3-phenylenediamine, 1,4-phenylenediamine, naphthylene-1,5 -diamine,triphenylmethane-4,4',4"-triamine, 4,4'-di(methylamino)-diphenylmethane,1-methyl-2-methylamino-4-aminobenzene, 1,3-diethyl-2,4-diaminobenzene,2,4-diaminomesitylene, 1-methyl-3,5-diethyl-2,4-diaminobenzene,1-methyl-3,5-diethyl-2,6-diaminobenzene,1,3,5-triethyl-2,6-diaminobenzene,3,5,3',5'-tetraethyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane and amine aldehydecondensation products such as the polyphenylpolymethylene polyaminesproduced from aniline and formaldehyde, mixtures thereof and the like.

Suitable polyester polyols which may be employed herein include, forexample, those prepared by reacting a polycarboxylic acid or anhydridethereof with a polyhydric alcohol. The polycarboxylic acids may bealiphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic and/or heterocyclic and may besubstituted (e.g., with halogen atom) and/or unsaturated. Examples ofcarboxylic acids of this kind include succinic acid: adipic acid:suberic acid: azelaic acid: sebacic acid: phthalic acid: isophthalicacid: trimellitic acid: phthalic acid anhydride: tetrahydrophthalic acidanhydride: hexahydrophthalic acid anhydride: tetrachlorophthalic acidanhydride: endomethylene tetrahydrophthalic acid anhydride: glutaricacid anhydride: maleic acid; maleic acid anhydride; fumaric acid;dimeric and trimeric fatty acids: such as oleic acid, which may be inadmixture with monomeric fatty acids, terephthalic acid dimethyl ester:terephthalic acid bisglycol ester and the like. Mixtures of such acidsor anhydrides may also be employed. Examples of suitable polyhydricalcohols include ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol: 1,3-propyleneglycol: 1,4-, 1,2- and 2,3-butylene glycol: 1,6-hexane diol; 1,8-octanediol; neopentyl glycol: cyclohexane dimethanol (1,4-bis-hydroxymethylcyclohexane) 2-methyl-1,3-propane diol; glycerol: trimethylol propane:1,2,6-hexane triol: 1,2,4-butane triol: trimethylol ethane:pentaerythritol: quinitol: mannitol; sorbitol; methyl glycoside;diethylene glycol: triethylene glycol tetraethylene glycol; polyethyleneglycol: dipropylene glycol: polypropylene glycols: dibutylene glycol:polybutylene glycols and the like. The polyesters may contain someterminal carboxyl groups. It is also possible to use polyesters oflactones such as caprolactone, or hydroxy carboxylic acids such ashydroxy caproic acid.

Other suitable relatively high equivalent weight polyols which can beemployed herein include polymer-containing polyols such as, for example,those disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. RE 29,118 (Stamberger), RE 28,715(Stamberger), RE 29,014 (Pizzini et al.) and 3,869,413 (Blankenship etal.), Hoffman in U.S. Pat. No. 4,394,491 and Hoffman et al. in U.S. Pat.No. 4,390,645 all of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Also suitable as the relatively high equivalent weight polyols are thethiol derivatives of the aforementioned polyols such that all or aportion of the hydroxyl or amine groups are replaced with --SH groups.

Suitable materials which can be employed herein as relatively lowequivalent weight active hydrogen-containing materials include one ormore of any such materials containing either hydroxyl groups, primaryamine groups, secondary amine groups or mixtures of such groups; suchmaterials having an average active hydrogen functionality of from about2 to about 16, preferably from about 2 to about 8 and an average activehydrogen equivalent weight of from about 15 to about 500, preferablyfrom about 32 to about 200 and when the active hydrogen atoms arederived only from OH groups then the maximum equivalent weight is about200.

Also suitable relatively high equivalent weight activehydrogen-containing materials are the products resulting from aminatingthe polyether and polyester polyols described above.

Suitable relatively low equivalent weight polyols which can be employedherein include, for example, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol,trimethylol propane, 1,4-butane diol, diethylene glycol, dipropyleneglycol, bisphenols, hydroquinone, catechol, resorcinol, triethyleneglycol, tetraethylene glycol, dicyclopentadienediethanol, glycerine, lowmolecular weight ethylene and/or propylene oxide derivatives ofglycerine, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, mixtures thereof and thelike.

Suitable relatively low equivalent weight amine-containing activehydrogen-containing materials which can be employed herein include, forexample, ethylenediamine, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,4-diaminobutane,isophoronediamine, diethylenetriamine, ethanolamine,aminoethylethanolamine, diaminocyclohexane, hexamethylenediamine,methyliminobispropylamine, iminobispropylamine,bis(aminopropyl)piperazine, aminoethyl piperazine,1,2-diaminocyclohexane, polyoxyalkyleneamines,bis-(p-aminocyclohexyl)methane, triethylenetetramine,tetraethylenepentamine, mixtures thereof and the like.

Also suitable relatively low equivalent weight activehydrogen-containing materials are the aminated polyoxyalkylene glycolshaving an average amino hydrogen equivalent weight of from about 60 toabout 110.

Suitable also as the relatively low equivalent weight activehydrogen-containing materials are the thiol derivatives of theaforementioned materials wherein at least one of the hydroxyl or aminegroups has been replaced with an --SH group.

The term aliphatic amine as employed herein includes also thecycloaliphatic amines and heterocyclic aliphatic amines so long as theycontain at least one primary or secondary amine group.

Suitable aromatic amines which can be employed herein as a relativelylow molecular weight active hydrogen-containing material include, forexample, 2,4-bis(p-aminobenzyl)aniline, 2,4-diaminotoluene,2,6-diaminotoluene, 1,3-phenylenediamine, 1,4-phenylenediamine,2,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane,naphthalene-1,5-diamine, triphenylmethane-4,4',4"-triamine,4,4'-di(methylamino)diphenylmethane,1-methyl-2-methylamino-4-aminobenzene, polyphenylpolymethylenepolyamines, 1,3-diethyl-2,4-diaminobenzene, 2,4-diaminomesitylene,1-methyl-3,5-diethyl-2,4-diaminobenzene,1-methyl-3,5-diethyl-2,6-diaminobenzene,1,3,5-triethyl-2,6-diaminobenzene,3,5,3',5'-tetraethyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane,4,4'-methylene-bis(2,6-diisopropylaniline), mixtures thereof and thelike.

Suitable polyisocyanates include the organic aromatic polyisocyanates,aliphatic polyisocyanates or mixtures thereof.

Suitable organic aromatic polyisocyanates which can be employed hereininclude, for example, any such polyisocyanate having 2 or more NCOgroups per molecule such as, for example, 2,4-toluenediisocyanate,2,6-toluenediisocyanate, p,p'-diphenylmethanediisocyanate,p-phenylenediisocyanate, naphthalenediisocyanate, polymethylenepolyphenylisocyanates, mixtures thereof and the like.

Also suitable as organic aromatic and/or aliphatic polyisocyanates arethe prepolymers prepared from such polyisocyanates and compounds having2 or more active hydrogen atoms: as well as such polyisocyanates and/orprepolymers thereof which have been modified to contain uretonimine orcarbodiimide linkages.

Suitable organic aliphatic polyisocyanates include, in addition to thehydrogenated derivatives of the above-mentioned organic aromaticpolyisocyanates, 1,6-hexamethylenediisocyanate, isophoronediisocyanate,1,4-cyclohexyldiisocyanate, 1,4-bis-isocyanatomethylcyclohexane,mixtures thereof and the like.

Also suitable are the corresponding polyisothiocyanates.

Preferably, the cross-linker or chain extender component employed hereinis a combination comprising

(1) at least one member selected from the group consisting of

(a)hydroxyl-containing materials which are essentially free of aliphaticamine hydrogen atoms, have an average OH functionality of from about 2to 4 and have an average OH equivalent weight of from about 30 to about120 and

(b)aromatic amine-containing materials which are essentially free ofaliphatic amine hydrogen atoms and which contain at least two aromaticamine hydrogen atoms: and

(2) at least one aliphatic amine-containing material having at least oneprimary amine group, an average aliphatic amine hydrogen functionalityof from about 2 to about 16 and an average aliphatic amine hydrogenequivalent weight of from about 15 to about 500.

Most preferably, the cross-linker or chain extender component is acombination comprising components (1-b) and (2) such as, for example, acombination of an aminated polyoxypropylene glycol having an averagemolecular weight of about 400 and diethyltoluenediamine.

The polymers can be prepared either in the presence or absence of acatalyst. Those polymers prepared from amine-containing polyols do notusually require a catalyst although catalysts can be employed ifdesired. On the other hand, those polymers prepared from polyols whichdo not contain nitrogen atoms are prepared in the presence of acatalyst.

Suitable catalysts which may be employed herein include, for example,organo-metal compounds, tertiary amines, alkali metal alkoxides,mixtures thereof and the like.

Suitable organo-metal catalysts include, for example, organo-metalcompounds of tin, zinc, lead, mercury, cadmium, bismuth, antimony, iron,manganese, cobalt, copper, vanadium and the like such as, for example,metal salts of a carboxylic acid having from about 2 to about 20 carbonatoms including, for example, stannous octoate, dimethyltin dilaurate,dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin diacetate, ferric acetyl acetonate,lead octoate, lead oleate, phenylmercuric propionate, lead naphthenate,manganese naphthenate, copper naphthenate, vanadyl naphthenate, cobaltoctoate, cobalt acetate, copper oleate, vanadium pentoxide, mixturesthereof and the like.

Suitable amine catalysts include, for example, triethylenediamine,triethylamine, tetramethylbutanediamine, N,N-dimethylethanolamine,N-ethylmorpholine, bis-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)ether, N-methylmorpholine,N-ethylpiperidine, 1,3-bis-(dimethylamino)-2-propanol,N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine, mixtures thereof and the like.

Suitable alkali metal alkoxides which can be employed as catalysts forurethane formation include, for example, sodium ethoxide, potassiumethoxide, sodium propoxide, potassium propoxide, sodium butoxide,potassium butoxide, lithium ethoxide, lithium propoxide, lithiumbutoxide, alkali metal salts of polyols such as described in U.S. Pat.No. 3,728,308, mixtures thereof and the like.

Preferably, these urethane catalysts are in liquid form, but if they areinherently a solid at the application temperature, then they may bedissolved in an appropriate liquid, such as, for example, dipropyleneglycol or they may be dissolved or dispersed in one of the components.

The catalysts, when employed, can be employed in quantities of fromabout 0.001 to about 5, preferably from about 0.01 to about 1 part per100 parts of total polyol employed depending upon the activity of thecatalyst. Very weak catalysts could possibly be employed in quantitiesabove 5 parts per 100 parts of polyol.

If desired, the polyurethanes can be modified so as to containisocyanurate or thioisocyanurate groups by employing relatively high NCOor NCS to active hydrogen ratios, e.g., greater than about 1.5:1,preferably greater than about 2:1, and employing a trimerizationcatalyst. Suitable trimerization catalysts which can be employed hereininclude, for example, the zwitterions disclosed by Kresta and Shen inU.S. Pat. No. 4,111,914 and the tertiary amines, alkali metal salts oflower alkanoic acids, mixtures thereof and the like as disclosed in U.S.Pat. No. 4,126,741 (Carleton et al.) all of which are incorporatedherein by reference.

The zwitterions can also function as a catalyst for urethane formation,i.e., the NCX--OH reaction.

If desired, the densities of the polymers produced herein can be reducedby incorporating a blowing agent into the formulation. Suitable suchblowing agents are fully described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,125,487 and inU.S. Pat. No. 3,753,933 and so much of these patents as pertain toblowing agents is incorporated herein by reference. Particularlysuitable blowing agents include the low boiling halogenated hydrocarbonssuch as methylene chloride and trichloromonofluoromethane.

Another suitable method for reducing the density is by frothing byinjecting an inert gas into the mixture of urethane or otherpolymer-forming components. Suitable such inert gases include, forexample, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, xenon, helium, mixturesthereof such as air and the like.

If desired, cell control agents can be employed, particularly whenpreparing foams or microcellular products of reduced density and/or toassist in paintability of the polyurethane. Suitable cell control agentswhich can be employed herein include silicone oils such as, for example,DC-193, DC-195, DC-197 and DC-198 commercially available from DowCorning Corp.; SF-1034, PFA-1635, PFA-1700 and PFA-1660 commerciallyavailable from General Electric Co.; L-520, L-5320 and L-5340commercially available from Union Carbide Corp.; and B-1048 commerciallyavailable from PH. Goldschmidt, AG., mixtures thereof and the like.

The polyurethanes and other polymeric products may additionally contain,if desired, coloring agents, fire-retardant agents, fillers, modifiersand the like.

Suitable liquid and solid modifiers include those disclosed anddescribed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,000,105 and 4,154,716 and so much thereofas pertains to suitable modifier substances are incorporated herein byreference. However, any such modifier described therein which fulfillsthe definition of any of the other components as described in thisapplication are not considered as modifiers but rather as one of thecomponents of the present invention.

Particularly suitable as the modifier or filler substances arefiberglass reinforcement fibers, particularly those having lengths offrom about 1/16 inch (0.16 cm) to about 1/2 inch (1.27 cm) and milledglass fibers having a maximum length of 1/16 inch (0.16 cm), 1/8 inch(0.32 cm) and 1/4 inch (0.64 cm) and the like. Other particularlysuitable fillers are mica, wollastonite, and the like.

The components which react to form the polymeric products can be shapedor formed into useful articles by injecting the reactive mixture intomolds which are capable of withstanding the exotherm of the polymerizingmass and are non-reactive with and are insoluble when in contact withthe liquid reactive mixture. Particularly suitable molds are those madeof metal such as aluminum, copper, brass, steel and the like. In someinstances non-metal molds can be employed such as those made of, forexample, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate,silicone elastomers and the like.

Particularly suitable injection methods for RIM applications includethose disclosed in a paper entitled "THE BAYFLEX 110 SERIES--THE NEWGENERATION OF RIM MATERIALS", by W. A. Ludwico and R. P. Taylorpresented at the SOCIETY OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS PASSENGER CAR MEETING,Detroit, Mich., Sept. 26-30, 1977: a paper entitled "THE PROPERTIES OFHIGH MODULUS RIM URETHANES", by R. M. Gerkin and F. E. Critchfieldpresented at the above meeting: British Patent No. 1,534,258 titled"PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ELASTOMERIC POLYURETHANE-POLYUREA MOULDEDPRODUCTS HAVING A COMPACT SURFACE SKIN" and a book by F. Melvin Sweeneyentitled INTRODUCTION TO REACTION INJECTION MOLDING, Technomics, Inc.,1979.

When injecting a relatively rapid-setting blend into massive metalmolds, it may be necessary in order for the molded article to have goodsurface characteristics to preheat the molds to an appropriatetemperature so that the mold will not abstract the heat ofpolymerization from the reactive mass and inappropriately delay thesolidification time expected of a given formulation. On the other hand,thin wall metal molds could exhibit a minimal "heat sink" effect onrelatively large cross section castings and thus, these thin wall metalmolds may not require preheating.

The following examples are illustrative of the present invention and arenot to be construed as to limiting the scope thereof in any manner.

Following is a list of materials employed in the examples andcomparative experiments.

For purposes of simplicity, all of the active hydrogen-containingmaterials employed herein are referred to as polyols regardless ofwhether the active hydrogen is a hydroxyl group or an amine group.

Polyol A is the reaction product of glycerine and propylene oxide at amolar ratio of about 1 to 6 respectively and having an equivalent weightof about 150.

Polyol B is the reaction product of Polyol A with propylene oxide andsubsequently end-capped with ethylene oxide. The amount of ethyleneoxide is about 18 percent by weight of the total weight of the polyol.The hydroxyl equivalent weight is about 1635. About 75 percent of thehydroxyl groups are primary hydroxyl groups.

Polyol C is ethylene glycol having an active hydrogen equivalent weightof about 31.

Polyetheramine is an aminated polyoxypropylene glycol represented by theformula ##STR5## wherein x has a value of about 5.6. This product has anaverage amine hydrogen equivalent weight of about 100 and iscommercially available from Texaco Chemical Co. as JEFFAMINE D-400.

Polyetheramine B is an aminated polyoxypropylene glycol represented bythe formula ##STR6## wherein x has a value of about 33.1. This producthas an average amine hydrogen equivalent weight of about 500 and iscommercially available from Texaco Chemical Company as JEFFAMINE D-2000.

Polyetheramine C is a 5000 molecular weight polyoxypropylene triol whichhad been aminated to an extent of about 80 percent which is commerciallyavailable from Texaco Chemical Co as JEFFAMINE T-5000.

Diamine A is an aromatic diamine consisting principally of diethyltoluene diamine. The material has an active hydrogen equivalent weightof about 89 and is commercially available from Ethyl Corporation.

Catalyst A is an organo-metal catalyst commercially available from WitcoChemical Company as UL-28, a proprietary organotin carboxylate catalystcommercially available from Witco Chemical Company. This catalyst isdescribed by its manufacturer as a more active analog ofdibutyltindilaurate and almost as active as dibutyltindiacetate. It is ayellow liquid having a pour point of -6° C., a refractive index of 1.47at 25° C., a flash point (COC) of 153° C. and a specific gravity of 1.14at 25° C.

Catalyst B is a 33 percent solution of triethylenediamine in dipropyleneglycol commercially available from Air Products Company as DABCO 33LV.

Polyisocyanate A is a liquid, modified diphenylmethanediisocyanatecontaining carbodiimide linkages commercially available from RubiconChemicals, Inc. as RUBINATE LF-168 or Upjohn Chemical Co. as ISONATE143L. The average NCO equivalent weight is about 143.

Polyisocyanate B is a liquid prepolymer prepared from reacting an excessof methylenediphenyl diisocyanate with tripropylene glycol commerciallyavailable from Rubicon Chemicals, Inc. as RUBINATE LF 179. Thispolyisocyanate has an NCO equivalent weight of about 182.

The following examples are illustrative of the present invention, butare not to be construed as to limiting the scope thereof in any manner.

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR EXAMPLES 1-4

The reactive mixtures of each formulation were hand mixed with a verylow amount of catalyst, 0.05 parts (UL-28, Witco Chemical Co.), in orderto extend reactivity time and also to better separate reactivitydifferences between the various samples tested. These mixtures were thenhand cast into a 4 in.×12 in.×1/2 in. (10.16 cm×30.48 cm×1.27 cm)container made aluminum foil. After casting, the samples were cured for60 seconds in an oven at 150° F. (65.5° C.). Upon removal from the ovenattempts were made to pull the aluminum foil from the casting by peelinga 3-in. (7.62-cm) wide strip which was made by scoring with razor bladesin the long direction of the molded parts. Ease of release was thenjudged and ranked according to the following scale:

    ______________________________________                                        8-10 Excellent release:                                                                          equates to a pull                                                             force of about 0.01 to                                                        about 0.33 pounds/in.                                                         (1.75 to 57.79 N/m)                                        6-7 Marginal release:                                                                            equates to a pull                                                             force of about 0.34 to                                                        about 1.00 pounds/in.                                                         (59.54 to 175.13 N/m)                                      1-5 Unacceptable release:                                                                        equates to pull force                                                         of about between 1.00                                                         and about 10.00                                                               pounds/in. (>175.13 to                                                        1751.27 N/m)                                               0 Sticks:          release equals to                                                             about 13.00 to 20.00                                                          pounds/in. (2276.65 to                                                        3502.54 N/m)                                               ______________________________________                                    

Several original sample pulls were measured on an Instron machine andadjacent strips were pulled by hand. Once a feel for the ease of peelwas established, the Instron comparison pulls were dropped and asubjective rating was given.

Reactivity was measured and identified by two separate points: (1) creamtime and (2) cure time. Cream time is observed as the time at which themixture of B side plus A side goes from liquid to cream, and cure timeis observed as the time when the casting becomes tack free.

EXAMPLE 1

Following the general procedure, various polyurethane-formingcompositions were prepared and molded. The components and results areprovided in Table I.

                                      TABLE I                                     __________________________________________________________________________                     EXPERIMENT LETTER.sup.20                                     COMPONENT AND RESULTS                                                                          A*   B*   C*   D*   E*  F*  G*  H                            __________________________________________________________________________    POLYOL B, pbw.sup.1                                                                            100  100  100  100  100 100 92.5                                                                              92.5                         ahe.sup.2        0.061                                                                              0.061                                                                              0.061                                                                              0.061                                                                              0.061                                                                             0.061                                                                             0.057                                                                             0.057                        POLYETHERAMINE A, pbw.sup.1                                                                    0    0    0    0    0   0   7.5 7.5                          ahe.sup.2        0    0    0    0    0   0   0.075                                                                             0.075                        POLYOC C, pbw.sup.1                                                                            18   18   18   18   18  18  18  18                           ahe.sup.2        0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58                                                                              0.58                                                                              0.58                                                                              0.58                         OLEOYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                    4    3    2    1    --  --  4   3                            equiv..sup.3     0.011                                                                              0.008                                                                              0.0057                                                                             0.0028                                                                             --  --  0.011                                                                             0.008                        OLEIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                          --   --   --   --   --  --  --  --                           equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --   --  --  --  --                           LAUROYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                   --   --   --   --   --  --  --  --                           equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --   --  --  --  --                           LAURIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                         --   --   --   --   --  --  --  --                           equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --   --  --  --  --                           ZINC STEARATE, pbw.sup.1                                                                       --   1    2    3    4   --  --  1                            POLYISOCYANATE A, pbw.sup.1                                                                    91.7 91.7 91.7 91.7 91.7                                                                              91.7                                                                              96.4                                                                              96.4                         equiv..sup.3     0.641                                                                              0.641                                                                              0.641                                                                              0.641                                                                              0.641                                                                             0.641                                                                             0.674                                                                             0.674                        REACIVITY TIME, cream, sec.                                                                    70   65   42   28   15  17  55  20                           cure, sec.       120  75   50   32   20  25  60  25                           RELEASE VALUE    5    6    7    6    0   0   8   9                            __________________________________________________________________________                     EXPERIMENT LETTER.sup.20                                     COMPONENT AND RESULTS                                                                          I    J    K    L*   M*  N   O   P                            __________________________________________________________________________    POLYOL B, pbw.sup.1                                                                            92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5                                                                              92.5                                                                              92.5                                                                              92.5                         ahe.sup.2        0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                             0.057                                                                             0.057                                                                             0.057                        POLYETHERAMINE A, pbw.sup.1                                                                    7.5  7.5  7.5  7.5  7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5                          ahe.sup.2        0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                             0.075                                                                             0.075                                                                             0.075                        POLYOC C, pbw.sup.1                                                                            18   18   18   18   18  18  18  18                           ahe.sup.2        0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58                                                                              0.58                                                                              0.58                                                                              0.58                         OLEOYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                    2    1    --   --   --  --  --  --                           equiv..sup.3     0.0057                                                                             0.0028                                                  OLEIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                          --   --   --   --   4   3   2   --                           equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --   0.014                                                                             0.011                                                                             0.007                                                                             --                           LAUROYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                   --   --   --   --   --  --  --  3                            equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --   --  --  --  0.011                        LAURIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                         --   --   --   --   --  --  --  --                           equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --   --  --  --  --                           ZINC STEARATE, pbw.sup.1                                                                       2    3    4    --   --  1   2   1                            POLYISOCYANATE A, pbw.sup.1                                                                    96.4 96.4 96.4 96.4 96.4                                                                              96.4                                                                              96.4                                                                              96.4                         equiv..sup.3     0.674                                                                              0.674                                                                              0.674                                                                              0.674                                                                              0.674                                                                             0.674                                                                             0.674                                                                             0.674                        REACIVITY TIME, cream, sec.                                                                    12   9    15   12   57  25  20  21                           cure, sec.       20   13   17   15   63  40  30  25                           RELEASE VALUE    9    9    0    0    8   8   8   9                            __________________________________________________________________________                             EXPERIMENT LETTER.sup.20                                     COMPONENT AND RESULTS                                                                          Q   R   S   T*  U*  V*  W*                           __________________________________________________________________________            POLYOL B, pbw.sup.1                                                                            92.5                                                                              92.5                                                                              92.5                                                                              100 100 100 100                                  ahe.sup.2        0.057                                                                             0.057                                                                             0.057                                                                             0.061                                                                             0.061                                                                             0.061                                                                             0.061                                POLYETHERAMINE A, pbw.sup.1                                                                    7.5 7.5 7.5 --  --  --  --                                   ahe.sup.2        0.075                                                                             0.075                                                                             0.075                                                                             --  --  --  --                                   POLYOC C, pbw.sup.1                                                                            18  18  18  18  18  18  18                                   ahe.sup.2        0.58                                                                              0.58                                                                              0.58                                                                              0.58                                                                              0.58                                                                              0.58                                                                              0.58                                 OLEOYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                    --  --  --  --  --  --  --                                   equiv..sup.3     --  --  --  --  --  --  --                                   OLEIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                          --  --  --  4   3   2   1                                    equiv..sup.3     --  --  --  0.014                                                                             0.011                                                                             0.007                                                                             0.004                                LAUROYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                   2   --  --  --  --  --  --                                   equiv..sup.3     0.007                                                                             --  --  --  --  --  --                                   LAURIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                         --  3   2   --  --  --  --                                   equiv..sup.3     --  0.015                                                                             0.01                                                                              --  --  --  --                                   ZINC STEARATE, pbw.sup.1                                                                       2   1   2   --  1   2   3                                    POLYISOCYANATE A, pbw.sup.1                                                                    96.4                                                                              96.4                                                                              96.4                                                                              91.7                                                                              91.7                                                                              91.7                                                                              91.7                                 equiv..sup.3     0.674                                                                             0.674                                                                             0.674                                                                             0.641                                                                             0.641                                                                             0.641                                                                             0.641                                REACIVITY TIME, cream, sec.                                                                    12  21  19  60  40  30  17                                   cure, sec.       20  45  33  ∞                                                                           80  60  31                                   RELEASE VALUE    9   8   8   0   5   5   5                            __________________________________________________________________________

EXAMPLE 2

The general procedure was employed using various components. Thecompositions and results are provided in Table II.

                                      TABLE II                                    __________________________________________________________________________                     EXPERIMENT LETTER.sup.20                                     COMPONENT AND RESULTS                                                                          A    B    C    D    E    F    G                              __________________________________________________________________________    POLYOL B, pbw.sup.1                                                                            92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5                           ahe.sup.2        0.057                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                          POLYETHERAMINE A, pbw.sup.1                                                                    7.5  7.5  7.5  --   7.5  7.5  7.5                            ahe.sup.2        0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              --   0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075                          POLYETHERAMINE B, pbw.sup.1                                                                    --   --   --   37.5 --   --   --                             ahe.sup.2        --   --   --   0.075                                                                              --   --   --                             POLYOL C, pbw.sup.1                                                                            18   18   30   30   30   30   30                             ahe.sup.2        0.58 0.58 0.967                                                                              0.967                                                                              0.967                                                                              0.967                                                                              0.967                          ZINC STEARATE, pbw.sup.1                                                                       2    --   2    2    2    2    2                              ZINC ACETATE, pbw.sup.1                                                                        --   0.69 --   --   --   --   --                             OLEOYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                    2    2    2    2    --   --   --                             equiv..sup.3     0.0057                                                                             0.0057                                                                             0.0057                                                                             0.0057                                                                             --   --   --                             STEAROYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                  --   --   --   --   2    --   --                             equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --   0.0057                                                                             --   --                             LAUROYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                   --   --   --   --   --   2    --                             equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --   --   0.007                                                                              --                             OCTOYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                    --   --   --   --   --   --   2                              equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --   --   --   0.01                           HEXOYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                    --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             BEHENIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                        --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             ahe.sup.2        --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             STEARIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                        --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             ahe.sup.2        --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             OLEIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                          --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             ISOSTEARIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                     --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             BENZOIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                        --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             ACETIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                         --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             POLYISOCYANATE A, pbw.sup.1                                                                    96.4 96.4 152  149  152  152  152                            equiv..sup.3     0.674                                                                              0.674                                                                              1.063                                                                              1.042                                                                              1.063                                                                              1.063                                                                              1.063                          REACTIVITY TIME, cream, sec.                                                                   12   9    7    7    9    8    12                             cure, sec.       20   12   12   11   14   13   17                             RELEASE VALUE    9    8    9    8    9    8    9                              __________________________________________________________________________                     EXPERIMENT LETTER.sup.20                                     COMPONENT AND RESULTS                                                                          H    I    J    K    L    M    N                              __________________________________________________________________________    POLYOL B, pbw.sup.1                                                                            92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5                           ahe.sup.2        0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                          POLYETHERAMINE A, pbw.sup.1                                                                    7.5  7.5  7.5  7.5  7.5  7.5  7.5                            ahe.sup.2        0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075                          POLYETHERAMINE B, pbw.sup.1                                                                    --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             ahe.sup.2        --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             POLYOL C, pbw.sup.1                                                                            30   30   30   30   30   30   30                             ahe.sup.2        0.967                                                                              0.967                                                                              0.967                                                                              0.967                                                                              0.967                                                                              0.967                                                                              0.967                          ZINC STEARATE, pbw.sup.1                                                                       2    2    2    2    2    2    2                              ZINC ACETATE, pbw.sup.1                                                                        --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             OLEOYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                    --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             STEAROYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                  --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             LAUROYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                   --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             OCTOYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                    --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --   --   --   --                             HEXOYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                    2    --   --   --   --   --   --                             equiv..sup.3     0.011                                                                              --   --   --   --   --   --                             BEHENIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                        --   2    --   --   --   --   --                             ahe.sup.2        --   0.0059                                                                             --   --   --   --   --                             STEARIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                        --   --   2    --   --   --   --                             ahe.sup.2        --   --   0.008                                                                              --   --   --   --                             OLEIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                          --   --   --   2    --   --   --                             equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   0.008                                                                              --   --   --                             ISOSTEARIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                     --   --   --   --   2    --   --                             equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --   0.008                                                                              --   --                             BENZOIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                        --   --   --   --   --   2    --                             equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --   --   0.016                                                                              --                             ACETIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                         --   --   --   --   --   --   0.33                           equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --   --   --   0.0055                         POLYISOCYANATE A, pbw.sup.1                                                                    152  152  152  152  152  152  152                            equiv..sup.3     1.063                                                                              1.063                                                                              1.063                                                                              1.063                                                                              1.063                                                                              1.063                                                                              1.063                          REACTIVITY TIME, cream, sec.                                                                   15   25   27   13   19   12   11                             cure, sec.       20   35   40   21   24   22   15                             RELEASE VALUE    7    6    6    8    6    6    6                              __________________________________________________________________________                                    EXPERIMENT LETTER.sup.20                                     COMPONENT AND RESULTS                                                                          O*   P    Q    R                              __________________________________________________________________________                   POLYOL B, pbw.sup.1                                                                            100  92.5 92.5 92.5                                          ahe.sup.2        0.061                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                                         POLYETHERAMINE A, pbw.sup.1                                                                    --   7.5  7.5  7.5                                           ahe.sup.2        --   0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075                                         POLYETHERAMINE B, pbw.sup.1                                                                    --   --   --   --                                            ahe.sup.2        --   --   --   --                                            POLYOL C, pbw.sup.1                                                                            30   30   30   30                                            ahe.sup.2        0.967                                                                              0.967                                                                              0.967                                                                              0.967                                         ZINC STEARATE, pbw.sup.1                                                                       2    2    2    2                                             ZINC ACETATE, pbw.sup.1                                                                        --   --   --   --                                            OLEOYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                    2    --   --   --                                            equiv..sup.3     0.0057                                                                             --   --   --                                            STEAROYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                  --   --   --   --                                            equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --                                            LAUROYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                   --   --   --   --                                            equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --                                            OCTOYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                    --   --   --   --                                            equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --                                            HEXOYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                    --   --   --   --                                            equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --                                            BEHENIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                        --   --   --   --                                            ahe.sup.2        --   --   --   --                                            STEARIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                        --   --   --   --                                            ahe.sup.2        --   --   --   --                                            OLEIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                          --   --   --   --                                            equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --                                            ISOSTEARIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                     --   --   --   --                                            equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --                                            BENZOIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                        --   --   --   --                                            equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --                                            ACETIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                         --   --   --   --                                            equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --                                            TALLOIL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                   --   2    --   --                                            equiv..sup.3     --   unknown                                                                            --   --                                            ISOOLEOYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                 --   --   2    --                                            equiv..sup.3     --   --   0.0057                                                                             --                                            COCOYL GLYCINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                      --   --   --   2                                             equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   unknown                                       POLYISOCYANATE A, pbw.sup.1                                                                    147  152  152  152                                           equiv..sup.3     1.028                                                                              1.063                                                                              1.063                                                                              1.063                                         REACTIVITY TIME, cream, sec.                                                                   20   9    7    16                                            cure, sec.       25   15   14   22                                            RELEASE VALUE    4    9    9    8                              __________________________________________________________________________

EXAMPLE 3

The general procedure was employed using various components. Thecompositions and results are provided in Table III.

                                      TABLE III                                   __________________________________________________________________________                      EXPERIMENT LETTER.sup.20                                    COMPONENT AND RESULTS                                                                           A    B    C    D    E    F    G    H                        __________________________________________________________________________    POLYOL B, pbw.sup.1                                                                             92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5                     ahe.sup.2         0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                    POLYETHERAMINE A, pbw.sup.1                                                                     7.5  7.5  7.5  7.5  7.5  7.5  7.5  7.5                      ahe.sup.2         0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075                    POLYOL C, pbw.sup.1                                                                             30   30   30   30   30   30   30   30                       ahe.sup.2         0.967                                                                              0.967                                                                              0.967                                                                              0.967                                                                              0.967                                                                              0.967                                                                              0.967                                                                              0.967                    OLEOYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                     2    2    2    2    2    2    2    2                        equiv..sup.3      0.0057                                                                             0.0057                                                                             0.0057                                                                             0.0057                                                                             0.0057                                                                             0.0057                                                                             0.0057                                                                             0.0057                   METAL CARBOXYLATE, TYPE                                                                         ZnSt.sup.4                                                                         MgSt.sup.5                                                                         CaSt.sup.6                                                                         AlMSt.sup.7                                                                        AlDSt.sup.8                                                                        AlTSt.sup.9                                                                        LiSt.sup.10                                                                        NaSt.sup.11              pbw.sup.1         2    2    2    2    2    2    2    2                        POLYISOCYANATE A, pbw.sup.1                                                                     152  152  152  152  152  152  152  152                      equiv..sup.3      1.063                                                                              1.063                                                                              1.063                                                                              1.063                                                                              1.063                                                                              1.063                                                                              1.063                                                                              1.063                    REACTIVITY TIME, cream, sec.                                                                    7    19   20   30   30   35   29   15                       cure, sec.        12   24   24   36   34   45   34   18                       RELEASE VALUE     9    9    8    5    3    9    9    9                        __________________________________________________________________________                                EXPERIMENT LETTER.sup.20                                    COMPONENT AND RESULTS                                                                           I    J    K    L    M    N                        __________________________________________________________________________              POLYOL B, pbw.sup.1                                                                             92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5                               ahe.sup.2         0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                              POLYETHERAMINE A, pbw.sup.1                                                                     7.5  7.5  7.5  7.5  7.5  7.5                                ahe.sup.2         0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075                              POLYOL C, pbw.sup.1                                                                             30   30   30   30   30   30                                 ahe.sup.2         0.967                                                                              0.967                                                                              0.967                                                                              0.967                                                                              0.967                                                                              0.967                              OLEOYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                     2    2    2    2    2    2                                  equiv..sup.3      0.0057                                                                             0.0057                                                                             0.0057                                                                             0.0057                                                                             0.0057                                                                             0.0057                             METAL CARBOXYLATE, TYPE                                                                         KSt.sup.12                                                                         CdSt.sup.13                                                                        NiSt.sup.21                                                                        FeSt.sup.22                                                                        BaSt.sup.23                                                                        CuSt.sup.24                        pbw.sup.1         2    2    2    2    2    2                                  POLYISOCYANATE A, pbw.sup.1                                                                     152  152  152  152  152  152                                equiv..sup.3      1.063                                                                              1.063                                                                              1.063                                                                              1.063                                                                              1.063                                                                              1.063                              REACTIVITY TIME, cream, sec.                                                                    16   15   16   30   20   12                                 cure, sec.        20   18   25   45   30   18                                 RELEASE VALUE     7    5    9    9    9    9                        __________________________________________________________________________

EXAMPLE 4

The general procedure was employed using various components. Thecomponents except the isocyanate were blended together and stored forvarious periods of time at 23° C. prior to mixing with thepolyisocyanate and molding. The compositions and results are provided inthe following Table IV.

                                      TABLE IV                                    __________________________________________________________________________                     EXPERIMENT LETTER.sup.20                                     COMPONENT AND RESULTS                                                                          A*  B*  C*  D    E   F*  G*  H*                              __________________________________________________________________________    POLYOL B, pbw.sup.1                                                                            92.5                                                                              92.5                                                                              92.5                                                                              92.5 92.5                                                                              92.5                                                                              92.5                                                                              92.5                            ahe.sup.2        0.057                                                                             0.057                                                                             0.057                                                                             0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                             0.057                                                                             0.057                                                                             0.057                           POLYETHERAMINE A, pbw.sup.1                                                                    7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5  7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5                             ahe.sup.2        0.075                                                                             0.075                                                                             0.075                                                                             0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                             0.075                                                                             0.075                                                                             0.075                           POLYOL C, pbw.sup.1                                                                            18  18  18  18   18  18  18  18                              ahe.sup.2        0.58                                                                              0.58                                                                              0.58                                                                              0.58 0.58                                                                              0.58                                                                              0.58                                                                              0.58                            OLEOYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                    --  2   --  2    --  4   --  --                              equiv..sup.3     --  0.005                                                                             --  0.0057                                                                             --  0.011                                                                             --  --                              OLEIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                          --  --  2   --   2   --  4   --                              equiv..sup.3     --  --  0.008                                                                             --   0.008                                                                             --  0.014                                                                             --                              ZINC STEARATE, pbw.sup.1                                                                       --  --  --  2    2   --  --  4                               UL 28 CATALYST, pbw.sup.1                                                                      0.05                                                                              0.05                                                                              0.05                                                                              0.05 0.05                                                                              0.05                                                                              0.05                                                                              0.05                            POLYISOCYANATE A, pbw.sup.1                                                                    96.4                                                                              96.4                                                                              96.4                                                                              96.4 96.4                                                                              96.4                                                                              96.4                                                                              96.4                            equiv..sup.3     0.067                                                                             0.067                                                                             0.067                                                                             0.067                                                                              0.067                                                                             0.067                                                                             0.067                                                                             0.067                           0 Hours Storage                                                               REACTIVITY TIME, cream, sec.                                                                   10  22  25  10   15  33  37  15                              cure, sec.       15  30  35  15   25  47  49  17                              RELEASE VALUE    0   2   4   9    9   5   7   0                               24 Hours Storage                                                              REACTIVITY TIME, cream, sec.                                                                   22  65  55  10   25  90  90  15                              cure, sec.       30  90  90  15   45  120 120 20                              RELEASE VALUE    0   0   2   9    9   0   0   0                               72 Hours Storage                                                              REACTIVITY TIME, cream, sec.                                                                   20  55  45  10   18  90  90  13                              cure, sec.       30  90  90  15   45  ∞                                                                           120 20                              RELEASE VALUE    0   2   2   9    9   0   0   0                               312 Hours Storage                                                             REACTIVITY TIME, cream, sec.                                                                   25  60  50  17   18  90  90  17                              cure, sec.       30  90  90  25   45  ∞                                                                           ∞                                                                           25                              RELEASE VALUE    0   0   2   9    9   0   0   0                               __________________________________________________________________________

EXAMPLE 5

This example employed a production model (Krauss Maffei PU 40) reactioninjection molding machine. The composition and results are given in thefollowing Table V. The mold was a Steel Plaque Tool, 22"×26"×1/8" (55.88cm×66.04 cm×0.3175 cm). The conditions employed were as follows:

    ______________________________________                                        B-Side                                                                        Temperature    115° F.-120° C. (46.1° C.-48.8°                    C.)                                                           Injection Pressure                                                                           150 bars (150 kPa)                                             A-Side                                                                        Temperature    120° F. (48.8° C.)                               Injection Pressure                                                                           150 bars (150 kPa)                                             Injection Rate ˜150 lb/min (1134 g/s)                                   Shot Time      1.5-2 secs                                                     Mold Temperature                                                                             150° F.-170° F. (65.5° C.-76.6°                    C.)                                                           Demold Time    60 secs                                                        Post Cure, Time/Temp                                                                         30 min/250° F. (1800 s/121.1° C.)                ______________________________________                                    

The components and results are provided in the following Table V.

                                      TABLE V                                     __________________________________________________________________________                     EXPERIMENT LETTER.sup.20                                     COMPONENT AND RESULTS                                                                          A*   B*   C*   D    E*   F*    G    H    I                   __________________________________________________________________________    POLYOL B, pbw.sup.1                                                                            92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5  92.5 92.5 92.5                ahe.sup.2        0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057 0.057                                                                              0.057                                                                              0.057               POLYETHERAMINE A, pbw.sup.1                                                                    7.5  7.5  0    7.5  7.5  7.5   7.5  7.5  7.5                 ahe.sup.2        0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0    0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075 0.075                                                                              0.075                                                                              0.075               POLYOL C, pbw.sup.1                                                                            18   18   18   18   18   18    18   18   18                  ahe.sup.2        0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58  0.58 0.58 0.58                OLEOYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.2                                                                    --   --   --   --   --   --    3    --   2                   equiv..sup.3     --   --   --   --   --   --    0.008                                                                              --   0.057               OLEIC ACID, pbw.sup.1                                                                          --   4    3    --   3    3.3   --   3    --                  equiv..sup.3     --   0.014                                                                              0.011                                                                              --   0.011                                                                              0.012 --   0.011                                                                              --                  DETA.sup.14, pbw.sup.1                                                                         --   --   2    --   --   --    --   --   --                  ahe.sup.2        --   --   0.097                                                                              --   --   --    --   --   --                  EDA.sup.15, pbw.sup.1                                                                          --   --   --   --   --   0.7   --   --   --                  ahe.sup.2        --   --   --   --   --   0.047 --   --   --                  DEA.sup.16, pbw.sup.1                                                                          --   --   --   --   1.8  --    --   --   --                  ahe.sup.2        --   --   --   --   0.051                                                                              --    --   --   --                  SODIUM OLEATE, pbw.sup.1                                                                       --   --   --   1    --   --    --   --   --                  ZINC STEARATE, pbw.sup.1                                                                       --   --   --   --   --   --    1    1    2                   UL 28 CATALYST, pbw.sup.1                                                                      0.2  0.7  0.8  0.2  0.4  0.4   0.2  0.2  0.2                 POLYISOCYANATE A, pbw.sup.1                                                                    99.3 99.3 99.3 99.3 99.3 99.3  99.3 99.3 99.3                equiv..sup.3     0.694                                                                              0.694                                                                              0.694                                                                              0.694                                                                              0.694                                                                              0.694 0.694                                                                              0.694                                                                              0.694               TENSILE STRENGTH, psi                                                                          3700 3800 3300 2600 3300 3900  3300 3200 3400                MPa              25.5 26.2 22.7 17.9 22.7 26.9  22.7 22.1 23.4                ELONGATION, %    240  155  165  105  180  195   220  260  240                 NO. OF RELEASES.sup.18                                                                         2    18   22   22   18   2     23   23   30+                 __________________________________________________________________________

EXAMPLE 6

This example employed a different RIM production machine (CincinnatiMilicron RIM-90) and an actual prototype part. The conditions employedwere as follows:

    ______________________________________                                        B-Side                                                                        Temperature    95° F. (35° C.)                                  Injection Pressure                                                                           1800-2100 psi (12.4-14.5 MPa)                                  A-Side                                                                        Temperature    80° F. (26.7° C.)                                Injection Pressure                                                                           1600-1900 psi (11-13.1 MPa)                                    Injection Rate 6.0-3.5 lb/sec (2.7-1.6 kg/s)                                  Shot Time      1.8-3.1 secs                                                   Mold Temperature                                                                             130° F.-155° F. (54.4° C.-68.3°                    C.)                                                           Demold Time    30-60 secs                                                     Post Cure, Time/Temp                                                                         60 min/250° F. (3600 s/121.1° C.)                ______________________________________                                    

The plaque mold was constructed of P-20 tool steel. The mold surface wascleaned using "Slide Mold Cleaner" (commercially available from PercyHarms Corp.). No subsequent treatment was made prior to molding.

The components and results are provided in the following Table VI.

                                      TABLE IV                                    __________________________________________________________________________                         EXPERIMENT LETTER.sup.20                                 COMPONENT AND RESULTS                                                                              A     B     C     D*                                     __________________________________________________________________________    POLYOL B, pbw.sup.1  92.5  92.5  92.5  92.5                                   ahe.sup.2            0.057 0.057 0.057 0.057                                  POLYETHERAMINE A, pbw.sup.1                                                                        7.5   7.5   0     7.5                                    ahe.sup.2            0.075 0.075 0     0.075                                  DETDA.sup.17, pbw.sup.1                                                                            18    20    22    22                                     ahe.sup.2            0.404 0.449 0.494 0.494                                  OLEOYL SARCOSINE, pbw.sup.1                                                                        2     2     2     --                                     equiv..sup.3         0.0057                                                                              0.0057                                                                              0.0057                                                                              --                                     ZINC STEARATE, pbw.sup.1                                                                           2     2     2     --                                     POLYISOCYANATE B, pbw.sup.1                                                                        54.7  58.9  63.1  63.1                                   equiv..sup.3         0.303 0.326 0.350 0.350                                  NO. OF RELEASES.sup.18 (BARE METAL)                                                                35+   35+   35+   0                                      CONSECUTIVE.sup.19 (BARE METAL)                                                                    35+   70+   105+  --                                     TENSILE STRENGTH, psi                                                                              2800  2800  3100  --                                     MPa                  19.3  19.3  21.4  --                                     ELONGATION, %        230   240   240   --                                     DIE C TEAR STRENGTH, pli                                                                           500   500   500                                          kg/m                 8928.5                                                                              8928.5                                                                              8928.5                                                                              --                                     FLEXURAL MODULUS, psi                                                                              26000 30000 38000 --                                     MPa                  179.1 106.7 261.8 --                                     __________________________________________________________________________     FOOTNOTES TO TABLES IVI                                                       .sup.1 pbw = parts by weight                                                  .sup.2 ahe = acive hydrogen equivalents (pbw ÷ (molecular weight .div     number of hydrogenatoms attached to either an oxygen atom or a nitrogen       atom))                                                                        .sup.3 equiv. = equivalents                                                   .sup.4 ZnSt = zinc stearate                                                   .sup.5 MgSt = magnesium stearate                                              .sup.6 CaSt = calcium stearate                                                .sup.7 AlMSt = aluminum monostearate                                          .sup.8 AlDSt = aluminum distearate                                            .sup.9 AlTSt = aluminum tristearate                                           .sup.10 LiSt = lithium stearate                                               .sup.11 NaSt = sodium stearate                                                .sup.12 KSt = potassium stearate                                              .sup.13 CdSt = cadmium stearate                                               .sup.14 DETA = diethylenetriamine                                             .sup.15 EDA = ethylenediamine                                                 .sup.16 DEA = diethanolamine                                                  .sup.17 DETDA = diethylenetoluenediamine                                      .sup.18 NO. OF RELEASES = number of consecutive releases. The run for the     example was stopped after the indicated no. of parts were made with no        mold sticking being observed.                                                 .sup.19 CONSECUTIVE = consecutive releases including previous experiments     which were tested. No mold sticking was observed.                             .sup.20 The experiment letters containing an asterisk (*) are comparative     experiments whereas those without an asterisk (*) are examples of the         present invention.                                                            .sup.21 NiSt = nickel stearate                                                .sup.22 FeSt = ferrous stearate                                               .sup.23 BaSt = barium stearate                                                .sup.24 CuSt = cupric stearate                                           

COMPARATIVE EXPERIMENT A "B-Side" Formulation

93 parts by weight Polyol B

7 parts by weight Polyetherdiamine A

18 parts by weight Diamine A

Preparation

Polyol B (93 lb, 421,848 kg) was weighed into the polyol tank of anAdmiral reaction injection molding machine, to it was then added 7 lb(3.28 kg) of Polyetheramine A and 18 lb (8.17 kg) of Diamine A. The tankwas then closed and pressured (9 psi, 62 kPa) with dry nitrogen. Thestirrer in the tank was turned on, then the low pressure pump, and thenthe high pressure pump. The fluid was allowed to circulate till ahomogeneous solution was obtained, about 40 minutes (2400 s). The systemwas catalyzed by the addition of 0.1 percent by weight of the B side ofeach of the following catalysts, Catalyst A and Catalyst B.

The machine was calibrated to give an index of 105 with a"B-side"/"A-side" weight ratio of 1.87 using polyisocyanate B as the"A-side" component.

Sample plaques were prepared under the following conditions. The shottime was 2 seconds and the demold time was 60 seconds.

    ______________________________________                                                         Polyol Isocyanate                                                             (B side)                                                                             (A side)                                              ______________________________________                                        Injection pressure, psi                                                                               2000     2000                                         kPa                    13790    13790                                         Component Temp. °F./°C.                                                                100/37.8 100/37.8                                      Mold Temp. °F./°C.                                                                     150/65.6 150/65.6                                      ______________________________________                                    

The parts were shot into a chrome steel plaque mold which made a plaque14"×12"×1/8"(35.56 cm×30.48 cm×0.3175 cm) and weighed approximately 470g.

Mold Preparation

Before any parts were shot the mold was meticulously cleaned with aproprietary mold cleaner and all traces of previous polymer removed. Themold was then dried and polished. There was no further preparation ofthe mold.

Results

Part 1. The plaque released from the mold with a slight pull.

Part 2. A strong pull was required to pull the plaque from the mold.

Part 3. The plaque stuck to the mold, and was removed with greatdifficulty. The plaque tore and parts were left adhering to the mold.This was quite unsatisfactory.

EXAMPLE 7 "B-side" Formulation

93 parts by weight Polyol B

7 parts by weight Polyetheramine A

18 parts by weight Diamine A

2.5 parts by weight zinc stearate

Preparation

Polyol B (63 lb, 28.58 kg) were weighed into a stainless steel,25-gallon vessel equipped with heating and stirring. To it was added 7lb (3.18 kg) Polyetheramine A and 2.5 lb (1.134 kg) of zinc stearate.The mixture was heated to about 85° C. with stirring for about 45minutes (2700 s), after which time a slightly cloudy solution wasobtained. The fluid was transferred to the polyol tank of an Admiralreaction injection molding machine, and the remainder of Polyol B, 30 lb(13.608 kg) was added along with 18 lb (8.17 kg) of Diamine A. The tankwas closed, pressurized and recirculated as described in ComparativeExperiment A. The system was then catalyzed as in Comparative ExperimentA. The machine conditions and "B-side"/"A-side" ratio, index, andisocyanate were the same as in Comparative Experiment A as was thepreparation of the mold.

Results

Parts 1 through 16 were prepared and removed from the mold with noevidence of sticking or adhesion to the mold. The surface of thefinished plaques was excellent. The trial was arbitrarily concluded atPart 16.

EXAMPLE 8

The formulation of Example 7 was changed by substituting 2.5 lb (1.134kg) of zinc laurate for the 2.5 lb (1.134 kg) of zinc stearate. Methodof preparation and all other conditions as in Example 1.

Results

Parts 1 through 19 were prepared and removed from the mold with noevidence of sticking or adhesion. The trial was arbitrarily concluded atPart 19.

EXAMPLE 9

Using the method of preparation and machine condition as in Example 7,but using 0.5 lb (0.2268 kg) of zinc stearate.

Results

Parts 1 through 15 were obtained without sticking or adhesion. The trialwas arbitrarily concluded at Part 15.

EXAMPLE 10

Method of preparation and all other conditions as in Example 7 exceptthat 6 lb (2.7216 kg) zinc stearate were added rather than 2.5 lb (1.134kg) zinc stearate.

Results

Parts 1 through 16 were produced without sticking or adhesion to themold, arbitrarily concluded at Part 16.

COMPARATIVE EXPERIMENT B "B-side" Formulation

93 parts by weight Polyol B

7 parts by weight Polyetheramine A

18 parts by weight ethylene glycol

Preparation

The system was prepared as in Comparative Experiment A, except thatethylene glycol (polyol C) was used in place of Diamine A.

Polyisocyanate A was employed as the "A-side" component at an index of103. Catalysts as described in Comparative Experiment A were employed.Machine conditions as in Comparative Experiment A were employed. Moldpreparation as in Comparative Experiment A were employed.

Results

Part 1. Part released from mold.

Part 2. Massive adhesion, surface of part was ruined.

EXAMPLE 11

Formulation as in Comparative Experiment B with the addition of 2.5 lb(1.134 kg) zinc stearate.

Method of Preparation as in Example 7 except that Polyol C (ethyleneglycol) was used instead of Diamine A.

Machine conditions and isocyanate used as in Comparative Experiment B.Mold preparation was as previously described.

Results

Parts 1-12 were prepared with no sticking or adhesion to the mold. Thetesting was arbitrarily concluded after Part 12.

EXAMPLE 12

An experiment was conducted employing an Admiral 400-2HP RIM machine anda stainless steel plaque mold measuring 12 in.×14 in.×1/8in. (30.48cm×35.56 cm×0.3175 cm). The mold was not treated prior to use. Thecompositions and conditions were as follows:

Polyisocyanate (A-side)

Polyisocyanate B was employed in a quantity which provided an NCO Indexof 103.

Polyol (B-side)

50 pbw Polyetheramine C

50 pbw mixture of 93 wt. percent Polyol B and 7 wt. percentPolyetheramine A

18 pbw Diamine A

0 or 2 pbw zinc stearate

0.05 wt. percent triethylenediamine catalyst (33 wt. percent solution indipropylene glycol)

0.05 wt. percent dibutyl tin dilaurate (T-12 from M&T Chemical)

Conditions

A/B weight ratio--0.465/1

116° F./46.7° C.--temperature of reactants

2400 psig/16548 kPa--injection pressure

145° F./62.8° C.--mold temperature

60 seconds--demold time

Results

Prior to the addition of the zinc stearate to the polyol (B-side),several plaques were made. These plaques required considerable effort toobtain release of the plaque from the mold. After addition of the zincstearate to the polyol (B-side) formulation, 17 parts were made with noindication of sticking or polymer buildup before the polyol (B-side) ranlow on material causing the experiment to be terminated. Some of theseparts literally fell out of the mold upon opening of the mold.

EXAMPLE 13

An experiment was conducted employing an Admiral 400-2HP RIM machine anda stainless steel plaque mold measuring 12 in.×14 in.×1/8in. (30.48cm×35.56 cm×0.3175 cm). The mold was treated with external mold releaseon one side of the mold. After the seventh sample, the external moldrelease was stripped from that side so that the entire mold was baresteel.

The composition and conditions were as follows:

Polyisocyanate (A-side)

Polyisocyanate B was employed.

Polyol (B-side)

100 pbw Polyol B

25 pbw Diamine A

2 pbw zinc stearate

2 pbw oleoyl sarcosine

0.1 wt. percent catalyst A

0.1 wt. percent catalyst B

Conditions

A/B weight ratio was 0.5/1.

Temperature of the reactants was 100° F. (37.8° C.).

Temperature of the mold was 140° F. (60° C.).

Injection pressure was 2000 psig (13790 kPa).

Demold time was 60 seconds.

The formulation provided good release for 17 samples off one bare steelface and 10 releases off both bare steel faces.

We claim:
 1. A process comprising reacting a polyisocyanate in a closedmold with an active hydrogen-containing composition comprising(A) amaterial having an average of at least about 2 activehydrogen-containing groups per molecule and a weight from about 500 toabout 5000 per active hydrogen-containing group, said composition havingdissolved therein (B) from about 0.5 to about 10 parts by weight per 100parts by weight of component (A) of a metal salt of an organic materialcontaining at least one carboxylic acid group and a saturated orunsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chain having at least about 7 carbonatoms wherein, said metal is selected from Groups I-B, II-B, IV-B, V-B,VI-B, VII-B or VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements; saidcomposition containing a sufficient quantity of at least one aliphaticprimary and/or secondary amine-containing material such that component(B) is soluble in said composition, wherein said composition is devoidof an organic material containing at least one carboxylic acid group,phosphorus-containing acid group or boron-containing acid group ormixture of such materials wherein said organic material contains asiloxane chain or contains at least one terminal or pendant saturated orunsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chain containing at least about 7carbon atoms.
 2. The process of claim 1 wherein component (B) isrepresented by the structure ##STR7## wherein M represents the metal, Rrepresents an organic group containing a terminal or pendant saturatedor unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chain containing at least about 7carbon atoms, and n is equal to the valance of the metal.
 3. The processof claim 2 which is a reaction injection molding process.
 4. The processof claim 3 wherein the polyisocyanate comprises diphenylmethanediisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate containing carbodiimidelinkages, polymethylenepolyphenylisocyanate, prepolymers orquasi-prepolymers prepared therefrom or a mixture thereof.
 5. Theprocess of claim 4 wherein component (A) comprises an amine-terminatedpolymer or copolymer of propylene oxide.
 6. The process of claim 5wherein the metal is zinc.
 7. The process of claim 6 wherein said activehydrogen-containing composition further comprises a relatively lowequivalent weight material having a plurality of hydroxyl, primaryaromatic amine or secondary aromatic amine groups or a mixture of suchgroups and an active hydrogen equivalent weight of from about 15 toabout
 500. 8. The process of claim 7 wherein said relatively lowequivalent weight material comprises an aromatic amine.
 9. The processof claim 8 wherein component (B) is zinc stearate, zinc oleate or zinclaurate.
 10. The process of claim 4 wherein component (A) comprises ahydroxyl-terminated polymer or copolymer of propylene oxide, and saidcomposition further comprises a relatively low equivalent weightmaterial having a plurality of hydroxyl, primary aromatic amine orsecondary aromatic amine groups or a mixture of such groups and anactive hydrogen equivalent weight of from about 15 to about
 500. 11. Theprocess of claim 10 wherein the metal is zinc.
 12. The process of claim11 wherein said relatively low equivalent weight material comprises anaromatic amine.
 13. The process of claim 12 wherein said aliphaticprimary or secondary amine-containing material comprises an aminatedpolyoxypropylene glycol having an active hydrogen equivalent weight upto about
 500. 14. The process of claim 13 wherein component (B) is zincstearate, zinc oleate or zinc laurate.
 15. A process comprising reactinga polyisocyanate in a closed mold with an active hydrogen-containingcomposition comprising(A) a material having an average of at least about2 active hydrogen-containing groups per molecule and a weight per activehydrogen-containing group from about 500 to about 5000, said compositionhaving dissolved therein (B) from about 0.5 to about 10 parts by weightper 100 parts by weight component (A) of a metal salt of an organicmaterial containing at least one carboxylic acid group and a saturatedor unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chain having at least about 7carbon atoms, wherein said metal is selected from Groups I-B, II-B,IV-B, V-B, VI-B, VII-B or VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements;said composition containing a sufficient quantity of at least oneprimary and/or secondary amine-containing material such that component(B) is soluble in said composition, wherein said composition is devoidof an organic material containing at least one carboxylic acid group,phosphorus-containing acid group or boron-containing acid group ormixture of such materials wherein said organic material contains asiloxane chain or contains at least one terminal or pendant saturated orunsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chain containing at least about 7carbon atoms.
 16. The process of claim 15 wherein component (B) isrepresented by the structure ##STR8## wherein M represents the metal, Rrepresents an organic group containing a terminal or pendant saturatedor unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chain containing at least about 7carbon atoms, and n is equal to the valance of the metal.
 17. Theprocess of claim 16 which is a reaction injection molding process. 18.The process of claim 17 wherein said polyisocyanate is diphenylmethanediisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate containing carbodiimidelinkages, polymethylenepolyphenylisocyanate, prepolymers orquasi-prepolymers prepared therefrom or a mixture thereof.
 19. Theprocess of claim 18 wherein component (A) is a polymer or copolymer ofpropylene oxide.
 20. The process of claim 19 said primary or secondaryamine containing material comprises an aromatic diamine having an activehydrogen equivalent weight from about 32 to about
 200. 21. The processof claim 20 wherein the metal is zinc.
 22. The process of claim 21wherein said polymer or copolymer of propylene oxide ishydroxyl-terminated.
 23. A process comprising reacting a polyisocyanatein a closed mold with an active hydrogen-containing compositioncomprising(A) a material having an average of at least about 2 activehydrogen-containing groups per molecule and a weight from about 500 toabout 5000 per active hydrogen-containing group, said composition havingdissolved therein (B) from about 0.5 to about 10 parts by weight per 100parts by weight of component (A) of a metal salt of an organic materialcontaining at least one carboxylic acid group and a saturated orunsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chain having at least about 7 carbonatoms, wherein said metal is selected from Groups I-B, II-B, IV-B, V-B,VI-B, VII-B or VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements; saidcomposition containing a sufficient quantity of at least one aliphaticprimary and/or secondary amine-containing material such that component(B) is soluble in said composition said composition further comprising(C) an organic material containing at least one carboxylic acid group,phosphorus-containing acid group or boron-containing acid group ormixture of such materials wherein said organic material contains asiloxane chain or contains at least one terminal or pendant saturated orunsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chain containing at least about 7carbon atoms.
 24. The process of claim 23 wherein component (B) isrepresented by the structure ##STR9## wherein M represents the metal, Rrepresents an organic group containing a terminal or pendant saturatedor unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chain containing at least about 7carbon atoms, and n is equal to the valance of the metal.
 25. Theprocess of claim 24 which is a reaction injection molding process. 26.The process of claim 25 wherein said polyisocyanate diphenylmethanediisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate containing carbodiimidelinkages, polymethylenepolyphenylisocyanate, prepolymers orquasi-prepolymers prepared therefrom or a mixture thereof.
 27. Theprocess of claim 26 wherein component (A) comprises an amine-terminatedpolymer or copolymer of propylene oxide.
 28. The process of claim 27wherein the metal is zinc.
 29. The process of claim 28 wherein theactive hydrogen-containing composition further comprises a relativelylow equivalent weight material having a plurality of hydroxyl, primaryaromatic amine or secondary aromatic amine groups or a mixture of suchgroups and an active hydrogen equivalent weight of from about 15 toabout
 500. 30. The process of claim 29 wherein said relatively lowequivalent weight material comprises an aromatic amine.
 31. The processof claim 30 wherein component (B) is zinc stearate, zinc oleate or zinclaurate.
 32. The process of claim 26 wherein component (A) comprises ahydroxyl-terminated polymer or copolymer of propylene oxide, and saidcomposition further comprises a relatively low equivalent weightmaterial having a plurality of hydroxyl, primary aromatic amine orsecondary aromatic amine groups or a mixture of such groups and anactive hydrogen equivalent weight of from about 15 to about
 500. 33. Theprocess of claim 32 wherein the metal is zinc.
 34. The process of claim33 wherein said relatively low equivalent weight material comprises anaromatic amine.
 35. The process of claim 34 wherein said aliphaticprimary or secondary amine-containing material comprises an aminatedpolyoxypropylene glycol having an active hydrogen equivalent weight upto about
 500. 36. A process comprising reacting a polyisocyanate in aclosed mold with an active hydrogen-containing composition comprising(A)a material having an average of at least about 2 activehydrogen-containing groups per molecule and a weight per activehydrogen-containing group from about 500 to about 5000, said compositionhaving dissolved therein (B) from about 0.5 to about 10 parts by weightper 100 parts by weight of component (A) of a metal salt of an organicmaterial containing at least one carboxylic acid group and a saturatedor unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chain having at least about 7carbon atoms, wherein said metal is selected from Groups I-B, II-B,IV-B, V-B, VI-B, VII-B or VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements;said composition containing a sufficient quantity of at least oneprimary and/or secondary amine-containing material such that component(B) is soluble in said composition and (C) an organic materialcontaining at least one carboxylic acid group, phosphorus-containingacid group or boron-containing acid group or mixture of such materialswherein said organic material contains a siloxane chain or contains atleast one terminal or pendant saturated or unsaturated aliphatichydrocarbon chain containing at least about 7 carbon atoms.
 37. Theprocess of claim 36 wherein component (B) is represented by thestructure ##STR10## wherein M represents the metal, R represents anorganic group containing a terminal or pendant saturated or unsaturatedaliphatic hydrocarbon chain containing at least about 7 carbon atoms,and n is equal to the valance of the metal.
 38. The process of claim 37which is a reaction injection molding process.
 39. The process of claim38 wherein said polyisocyanate diphenylmethane diisocyanate,diphenylmethane diisocyanate containing carbodiimide linkages,polymethylenepolyphenylisocyanate, prepolymers or quasi-prepolymersprepared therefrom or a mixture thereof.
 40. The process of claim 39wherein component (A) is a polymer or copolymer of propylene oxide. 41.The process of claim 40 wherein said primary or secondaryamine-containing material comprises an aromatic diamine having an activehydrogen equivalent weight from about 32 to about
 200. 42. The processof claim 41 wherein the metal is zinc.
 43. The process of claim 42wherein said polymer or copolymer of propylene oxide ishydroxyl-terminated.
 44. A process comprising reacting a polyisocyanatein a closed mold with an active hydrogen-containing compositioncomprising(I) a polyether polyol terminated in primary or secondaryhydroxyl groups and having a hydroxyl equivalent weight of from about100 to about 2500: and (II) an internal mold release composition whichcomprises(A) a metal salt of a carboxylic acid having a terminal orpendant saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chain having atleast seven carbon atoms attached to a carbonyl group and from about 10to 29 carbon atoms per molecule, wherein said metal is a member of GroupII-B of the Periodic Table of Elements, aluminum, copper, iron, cobaltor nickel: (B) a material containing at least one aliphatic primaryamine group and/or at least one aliphatic secondary amine group permolecule or a mixture of such materials; and (C) a monocarboxylic acidhaving from about 10 to about 29 carbon atoms per molecule: and whereinthe components are employed in quantities such that(i) the weight ratioof components (II-C):(II-A) is from about 0.3:1 to about 3:1: and (ii)components (II-C) and (II-B) are employed in quantities which providefrom about 0.04 to about 2 equivalents of component (II-C) per aminenitrogen equivalent of component (II-B): (iii) and the compositioncontains from about 0.5 to about 20 parts of component (II™A) per 100parts by weight component (I).
 45. The process of claim 44 which is areaction injection molding process.
 46. The process of claim 45 whereinsaid polyisocyanate is diphenylmethane diisocyanate, diphenylmethanediisocyanate containing carbodiimide linkages,polymethylenepolyphenylisocyanate, prepolymers or quasi-prepolymersprepared therefrom or mixture thereof.
 47. The process of claim 45wherein(i) component (1) is a glycerine or trimethylol propane initiatedpolyoxypropylene glycol capped with ethylene oxide such that about 50percent of the hydroxyl groups are primary hydroxyl groups: (ii)component (II-A) is zinc stearate, zinc oleate, zinc palmitate, zinclaurate, copper stearate, copper oleate, copper palmitate, copperlaurate, nickel stearate, nickel oleate, nickel palmitate, nickellaurate or a mixture thereof; (iii) component (11-B) is an aminatedpolyoxypropylene adduct of propylene oxide and hydroxyl initiatorcompounds selected from the group consisting of glycerine, trimethylolpropane and diols having from 2 to about 8 carbon atoms and where thereare present an average of from 1 to about 35 oxypropylene groups permolecule in said aminated adduct or mixture thereof: and (iv) component(II-C) is oleoyl sarcosine, oleoyl glycine, stearoyl sarcosine, lauroylsarcosine, octoyl sarcosine, caproyl sarcosine, cocoyl sarcosine,iso-oleoyl sarcosine, talloil sarcosine or mixtures thereof.
 48. Theprocess of claim 45 wherein(i) in component (II-A), the metal is zinc,copper or nickel, and (ii) component (B) is an aliphatic or aromaticcompound having from 2 to 3 primary or secondary amine groups permolecule, or an alkanolamine having one primary or secondary amine groupand one primary or secondary hydroxyl group per molecule, is free ofoxyalkylene groups and has from about 2 to about 20 carbon atoms permolecule.
 49. A process comprising reacting a polyisocyanate in a closedmold with an active hydrogen-containing composition comprising(I) apolyether polyol terminated in primary or secondary hydroxyl groups andhaving a hydroxyl equivalent weight of from about 100 to about 2500: and(II) an internal mold release composition which comprises(A) a metalsalt of a carboxylic acid having a terminal or pendant saturated orunsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chain having at least seven carbonatoms attached to a carbonyl group and from about 10 to 29 carbon atomsper molecule, wherein said metal is a member of Group II-B of thePeriodic Table of Elements, aluminum, copper, iron, cobalt or nickel:and (B) a material containing at least one aliphatic primary amine groupand/or at least one aliphatic secondary amine group per molecule or amixture of such materials:said composition being devoid of an organicmaterial containing at least one carboxylic acid group,phosphorus-containing acid group or boron-containing acid group ormixture of such materials wherein said organic material contains asiloxane chain or contains at least one terminal or pendant saturated orunsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chain containing at least about 7carbon atoms: wherein the components are employed in quantities suchthat components (II-A) and (II-B) are employed in quantities whichprovide from about 0.04 to about 2 equivalents of component (II-A) peramine nitrogen equivalent of component (II-B) and the compositioncontains from about 0.5 to about 20 parts of component (II-A) per 100parts by weight component (I).
 50. A process comprising reacting apolyisocyanate in a closed mold with a composition comprising(A) apolymer or copolymer of propylene oxide having an average of at least 2active hydrogen-containing groups per molecule and a weight of about 500to about 5000 per active hydrogen-containing group, (B) from about 0.5to about 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of component (A) ofa zinc salt of a C₁₀ to C₂₀ carboxylic acid, and (C) from about 5 toabout 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of component (A) of anaromatic diamine having an active hydrogen equivalent weight from about32 to about 200.said composition further comprising (D) an organicmaterial containing at least one carboxylic acid group,phosphorus-containing acid group or boron-containing acid group ormixture of such materials wherein said organic material contains asiloxane chain or contains at least one terminal or pendant saturated orunsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chain containing at least about 7carbon atoms.
 51. The process of claim 50 which is a reaction injectionmolding process.
 52. The process of claim 51 wherein the polyisocyanateis diphenylmethane diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate containingcarbodiimide linkages, polymethylenepolyphenylisocyanate, prepolymers orquasi-prepolymers prepared therefrom or a mixture thereof.
 53. Theprocess of claim 52 wherein said composition further comprises aaliphatic amine-containing material having an active hydrogen equivalentweight from about 15 to about 500 and at least one primary or secondaryaliphatic amine group per molecule.
 54. The process of claim 53 whereinthe aliphatic amine-containing material is selected from the groupconsisting of ethylene diamine, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,4-diaminobutane,isophoronediamine, diethylenetriamine, ethanolamine,aminoethylethanolamine, diaminocyclohexane, hexamethylenediamine,methyliminobispropyleamine, iminobispropylamine,bis(aminopropyl)piperazine, aminoethylpiperazine,1,2-diaminocyclohexane, polyoxyalkyleneamines,bis-(p-aminocyclohexyl)methane, triethylenetetramine, andtetraethylenepentamine.
 55. The process of claim 53 wherein thealiphatic amine-containing material is an amine-terminated polyether.56. A process comprising reacting in a closed mold a polyisocyanate witha composition comprising (A) a polymer or copolymer of propylene oxidehaving an average of at least 2 active hydrogen-containing groups permolecule and an equivalent weight per active hydrogen-containing groupof about 500 to about 5000,(B) from about 0.5 to about 10 parts byweight per 100 parts by weight of component (A) percent of saidcomposition of a zinc salt of a C₁₀ to C₂₀ carboxylic acid, and (C) fromabout 5 to about 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of component(A) of an aromatic diamine having an active hydrogen equivalent weightfrom about 32 to 200.said composition being devoid of an organicmaterial containing at least one carboxylic acid group,phosphorus-containing acid group or boron-containing acid group ormixture of such materials wherein said organic material contains asiloxane chain or contains at least one terminal or pendant saturated orunsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chain containing at least about 7carbon atoms.
 57. The process of claim 56 which is a reaction injectionmolding process.
 58. The process of claim 57 wherein said polyisocyanateis diphenylmethane diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate containingcarbodiimide linkages, polymethylenepolyphenylisocyanate, prepolymers orquasi-prepolymers prepared therefrom or a mixture thereof.
 59. Theprocess of claim 58 wherein said composition further comprises analiphatic amine-containing material having an active hydrogen equivalentweight from about 15 to about 500 and at least one primary or secondaryaliphatic amine group per molecule.
 60. The process of claim 59 whereinthe aliphatic amine-containing material is selected from the groupconsisting of ethylene diamine, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,4-diaminobutane,isophoronediamine, diethylenetriamine, ethanolamine,aminoethylethanolamine, diaminocyclohexane, hexamethylenediamine,methyliminobispropyleamine, iminobispropylamine,bis(aminopropyl)piperazine, aminoethylpiperazine,1,2-diaminocyclohexane, polyoxyalkyleneamines,bis-(p-aminocyclohexyl)methane, triethylenetetramine, andtetraethylenepentamine.
 61. The process of claim 59 wherein thealiphatic amine-containing material is an amine-terminated polyether.62. A process for the production of optionally cellular, polyurethaneelastomer moldings by reacting a reaction mixture comprising(I) apolyixocyanate, (II) an ixocyanate-reactive polymer having an averagereactive hydrogen equivalent weight of from about 500 to 5000, (III)about 5 to 50% by weight, based on the weight of component (II) of achain extender comprising a sterically hindered aromatic diamine, and(IV) an effective amount of an internal mold release agent mixturecomprising(a) ZN(OOCR)₂ wherein the R group is chosen such that the(OOCR) group is a member selected from the group consisting of oleate,laurate, palmitate, stearate and mixtures thereof, and (b) an acyclicmaterial containing at least one primary amine group and/or at least onesecondary amine group per molecule or a mixture of such materials.
 63. Aprocess for preparing optionally cellular, polyurethane elastomermoldings by reacting in a reaction injection molding process apolyisocyanate with an active hydrogen composition comprising(A) arelatively high equivalent weight active hydrogen-containing materialterminated in hydroxyl groups or mixture thereof; (B) a mixture ofrelatively low equivalent weight active-hydrogen containing materialscomprising(i) at least one material having a plurality of hydroxylgroups, and (ii) at least one material having a plurality of primaryand/or secondary amine groups, said material having a plurality ofprimary and/or secondary amine groups being present in an amountsufficient to solubilize at least 0.1% by weight of component (C) insaid active hydrogen containing composition, and (C) at least onematerial containing at least one carboxylic acid group and whichcontains a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chain whereinsaid acid group has been at least partially reacted, complexed orassociated with a metal from group IIB of the Periodic Table of theElements, aluminum, copper, iron, cobalt or nickel.